The recent surge in COVID-19 cases and the reopening of borders in China has brought the debate
on the evolution of the pandemic back to the forefront. Should we expect a new variant of concern
(VOC), other than Omicron, to appear unexpectedly and spread worldwide? What should be done
to prevent this occurrence? This note addresses these questions, highlighting the zoonotic and
zooanthroponotic nature of the transmission of the SARS-CoV-2 virus and the need for continuous
surveillance of the global ecosystem, which remains affected by inequalities in vaccine distribution
between the North and South countries.