Review ArticleOpen Access

Exosomes: A Novel Biomarker for Bladder Cancer

Volume 7 - Issue 1

**Bin Li^1,2, Wujian Deng³, Dunzhu Ciren⁴, Renlei Yuan⁴, Wei Qin^4,5 and Xin Li*^6,7**

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- ¹Department of Urinary surgery, the First People’s Hospital of Foshan, China
- ²Department of Urinary surgery, the People’s Hospital of Linzhi, China
- ³Department of General Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medicial University, China
- ⁴Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, the People’s Hospital of Linzhi, China
- ⁵Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, China
- ⁶Department of Emergency, the People’s Hospital of Linzhi, China
- ⁷Department of Emergency Medicine, Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, China
*Corresponding author: Xin Li, Department of Emergency, the People’s Hospital of Linzhi, Xizang, 860000, P.R. China

Received: July 12, 2018; Published: July 23, 2018

DOI: 10.26717/BJSTR.2018.07.001458

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Abstract

Bladder cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors in the human body. At this stage, there is no significant progress in treatment. Therefore, early diagnosis of bladder cancer is particularly important. At present, the urine cytology screening, cystoscopy and pathological analysis are the most effective method for bladder cancer diagnosis. Due to the low specificity of urine exfoliated cells and cystoscopy is an invasive examination which is difficult for many patients to accept, there is an urgent need to find biomarkers of bladder cancer and to elucidate the mechanism of progression of bladder cancer for later treatment. Recently, some scholars have focused their attention on exosomes, which are a kind of nano-sized vesicle structure secreted by cells. They are distributed in various body fluids such as blood, saliva and urine. As an important class of intercellular communication molecules, exosomes contain a variety of biologically active components, which can play a regulatory role in the human body in a variety of ways. This paper is mainly about the introduction of bladder cancer exosomes.

Keywords: Bladder Cancer; Exosomes; Biomarker

Abbreviations: HDL: High-Density Lipoproteins; RISC: RNA-Induced Silencing Complex

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