The Effect of Local Anesthesia (Lidocaine 2%) with Epinephrine (1:100,000) On Blood Pressure Level of Hypertensive Patients Reported To a Tertiary Care Hospital, Peshawar, Pakistan

Muhammad Ilyas¹*, Zupash Ali Khan², Ibrahim Khan², Akif Zamir², Kainat Ijaz² and Jawad Ahmad Kundi³

Received: October 30, 2017;   Published: November 09, 2017

DOI: 10.26717/BJSTR.2017.01.000513

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Abstract

Objective: The objective of the study was to evaluate the effect of local anesthesia (Lidocaine) with epinephrine (1:100000) on blood pressure level and medicine used by hypertensive patients having Prehypertension, stage I and stage II hypertension.

Methodology: This randomized controlled trial study was carried out in the department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Sardar Begum Dental College, Peshawar, Pakistan from February 2016 to August 2016. A total of 88 male and female hypertensive patients were selected and were divide into two groups through lottery method: Group A: Having 28 patients who receive 3 cartridges of Lidocaine 2% with epinephrine (1:100,000).Group B: Having 22 patients who receive 3 cartridges of lidocaine 2% without epinephrine (1:100,000). The blood pressure was measured prior to injection, 5minutes after injection, during extraction and after extraction of the tooth. Aspiration was carried out prior to injecting the local anesthesia. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 22. P ≤ 0.05 was considered as significant.

Results: No significant increase in SBP and decrease in DBP were seen 5 minutes after injection, during extraction and after extraction of the tooth. The most commonly medicine taken by patients were β-blockers n=42 (47.72%). Pearson correlation revealed that increasing the duration of tooth extraction will decrease SBP (-.204) and DBP (-.106). ANOVA showed that the increase or decrease in SBP and DBP was statistically not significant (P=.698) between intergroup. Chi-square statistics exhibit that hypertension is highly associated with 40-49 years age group (X2=21.286, P=0.000). Regression analysis showed no significant relationship between β-blockers and local anesthesia with epinephrine 1:100,000.

Conclusion: Three cartridges of local anesthesia with epinephrine 1:100,000 have no significant effect on SBP and DBP in pre-hypertensive, stage-I and stage-II patients

Key words: Hypertension; Lidocaine; Epinephrine; Blood pressure; Tooth extraction

Abbreviations: SBP: Systolic Blood Pressure; DBP : Diastolic Blood Pressure

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