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Review ArticleOpen Access

A Comprehensive Review on Pemphigus Vulgaris

Volume 1 - Issue 6

Hina Handa1*, Pooja Khare1 and Vijayta Sharva2

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    • 1Oral medicine Radiology, Peoples Dental Academy Bhopal, India
    • 2Department of Public Health Preventive Dentistry, Peoples Dental Academy Bhopal, India

    *Corresponding author: Hina Handa, Senior Lecturer, MDS Oral Medicine Radiology, Peoples Dental Academy Bhopal, India

Received: November 14, 2017;   Published: November 30, 2017

DOI: 10.26717/BJSTR.2017.01.000552

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Abstract

Pemphigus vulgaris is a life threatening chronic autoimmune disease characterized by the formation of intraepithelial blisters on the skin and mucous membranes. Pemphigus vulgaris initially manifests in the form of intraoral lesions which spread to other mucous membranes and the skin. Pemphigus vulgaris (PV), the most common and important variant, is an autoimmune blistering disease characterized by circulating pathogenic IgG (immunoglobin) antibodies against desmoglein 3 (Dsg3), about half the patients also having Dsg1 autoantibody. Oral lesions are initially vesiculobullous but readily rupture, new bullae developing as the older ones rupture and ulcerate. Biopsy of perilesional tissue, with histological and immune staining examinations, is essential to the diagnosis. The diagnosis is based on clinical findings and laboratory analyses, and it is usually treated by the combined administration of corticosteroids and immune suppressants. Detection of the oral lesions can result in an earlier diagnosis. The current review focuses on the etiopathogenesis, diagnosis and current treatment of pemphigus vulgaris.

Key words: Pemphigus; Oral mucosa; Autoimmune bullous disease

Abstract| Introduction| Investigation and Diagnosis| Management of Pemphigus Vulgaris| Conclusion| References|