Evaluation Frequency of Human Cytomegalovirus
Resistance to Ganciclovir (UL97) in Patients with HIV,
using High Resolution Melting Analysis, Kerman, Iran

Nasir Arefinia; Hamid Reza Mollaei; Seyed Alimohammad Arabzadeh; Ali Akbar Haghdoost

doi:10.26717/BJSTR.2018.09.001805

Research ArticleOpen Access

Evaluation Frequency of Human Cytomegalovirus Resistance to Ganciclovir (UL97) in Patients with HIV, using High Resolution Melting Analysis, Kerman, Iran

Volume 9 - Issue 3

**Nasir Arefinia¹, Hamid Reza Mollaei*¹, Seyed Alimohammad Arabzadeh¹ and Ali Akbar Haghdoost²**

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- ¹Department of Medical microbiology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Iran
- ²Regional Knowledge Hub for HIV/AIDS Surveillance, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Iran
*Corresponding author: Hamid Reza Mollaei, Assistant Professor, Department of Medical microbiology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran

Received: September 25, 2018; Published: September 28, 2018

DOI: 10.26717/BJSTR.2018.09.001805

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Abstract

Background: To evaluate frequency of Cytomegalo virus resistant to ganciclovir a cross-sectional study was designed.

Methods: In this study 96 samples from patients infected with HIV, 41 males and 55 Females with Mean ± SD years old age 52.6 ± 6.9 and 42.6 ± 9.1 respectively were collected. The both buffy coat and plasma were tested using Real Time PCR for detection of CMV, because the CMV virus latent in Peripheral Blood Mono Nuclear cells (PBMNs).

Results: Out of 96 patients, twenty-two (22.9%) buffy coat samples, and seven plasma samples (7.3%) were positive for CMV. A High-Resolution Melting (HRM) curve assay was performed for detection of CMV resistant to ganciclovir in UL97 region. Out of 22 CMV positive samples from buffy coat, there were five samples resistance to ganciclovir (22.72%), three M460V, one M460I and one mix genotype of M460V/I. Out of seven positive samples from plasma four samples (57.14%) positive for resistance to ganciclovir.

Conclusion: Mutation in UL97 and UL54 regions can be resistance of CMV to ganciclovir. High-level resistance to ganciclovir often is associated with cross resistance to other polymerase inhibitors such as cidofovir. Most point mutations lead to resistance to treatment with ganciclovir was done at 460,594 and 595 amino acid location in UL97 gene. Today, we are witnessing the emergence of drug resistance in viruses. This causes diseases that previous therapies do not affect and cause mortality in humans. Therefore, the evaluation of drug resistance in viruses is of importance and can provide a better approach to physicians in treating their patients.

Keywords: Cytomegalovirus; Drug resistance; UL97; Ganciclovir; HRM

Abbreviations: CMV: Cytomegalovirus; CNS: Central Nervous System; GI: Gastrointestinal; dGTP: Deoxyguanosine Triphosphate; ART: Antiretroviral Therapy