Cardiac and Vascular Microenvironment: Biological and Clinical Implications in Cardiology

Quagliariello V, Piscopo G and Maurea N*

Received: July 30, 2018;   Published: August 02, 2018

DOI: 10.26717/BJSTR.2018.07.001523

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Abstract

In the last years, the world of cardiology has turned the lights on the role of pro-inflammatory constellation of cytokines and interleukins in the pathophysiology of myocardial and vascular damage. Cardiomyocytes and vascular endothelial cells produce continuously several growth factors and small molecules, acting both in autocrine and paracrine manner, regulating their mitochondrial metabolism, the balance of intracellular calcium and also the resistance to chemotherapeutic damage. This review place same biological and biochemical basis on the involvement of the cardiac and vascular mirco environment on the cardiovascular diseases and on the cardiotoxicity related to anticancer drug exposure, with particular reference to Interleukin 1, 6, 8, Advanced Glycation End Products and lipid peroxidation. Moreover, some biological and clinical considerations will be discussed aimed to improve the cardiac and vascular microenvironment, also by using phytotherapics and anti-inflammatory drugs of synthetic or natural origin.

Keywords: Inflammation; Cardiotoxicity; Interleukins

Abbreviations: IL-1: Interleukin-1; MYD88: Myeloid Differentiation Factor; HSCRP: High Sensitivity C‐Reactive Protein; AGES: Advanced Glycation End Products; BNP: Brain Natriuretic Peptide; CANTOS: Canakinumab Anti-Inflammatory Thrombosis Outcome Study; HS-PCR: High-Sensitivity C-Reactive Protein; WCRF: World Cancer Research Funding

Abstract | Introduction | Discussion | Conclusion | References |