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CRISPR/Cas9 Gene Editing and its Potential to Treat Common Diseases

Volume 5 - Issue 1

Andrew B Bonner*

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    • Auburn University College of Veterinary Medicine, Scott-Ritchey Research Center Auburn, USA

    *Corresponding author: Andrew B Bonner, Auburn University College of Veterinary Medicine, Scott-Ritchey Research Center Auburn, Alabama, USA

Received: May 22, 2018;   Published: May 30, 2018

DOI: 10.26717/BJSTR.2018.05.001142

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Abstract

Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat (CRISPR) and CRISPR associated protein 9 (Cas9) form a complex known as CRISPR-Cas9, which is an efficient tool for gene editing that was discovered through the study of bacterial defense mechanisms against foreign nucleic acids. This technology allows for the knock-out or knock-in of specific DNA sequences. Therefore, CRISPR-Cas9 may provide a new method to abrogate the effects of genes that lead to disease or introduce genes that promote improvements in health. The powerful nature of these potential uses can be illustrated by considering the genetic bases of diseases such as cancer or obesity. Clearly, there will be many ethical debates about the future of this technology to alter genetic function.

Abbreviations: CRISPR: Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeat; PAM: Protospacer Adjacent Motif; HR: Homologous Recombination; NHEJ: Non-Homologous End Joining; TALENS: Transcription Activator-Like Effector Nucleases; EGFP: Enhanced Green Fluorescence protein

Abstract| CRISPR-Cas9 Biology| Bacterial Origins of CRISPR-Cas9| Therapeutic Uses for CRISPR Technology| Conclusion| Acknowledgement| References|