Interface Between Dysphagia and Nutritional Implication on Patients with Motor Neuron Disease/ Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis

Percília CL Alves*¹, Adriana L Oda¹, Ana L C Vecina¹, Juliana WC Neves¹, Rosana M Borges¹, Helena NM Sierra¹, Marco Orsini², Maria SG Rocha³ and Acary SB Oliveira¹

Received: April 28, 2018;   Published: May 07,2018

DOI: 10.26717/BJSTR.2018.04.001038

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Abstract

Objective: Analyze the interaction between dysphagia and the nutritional implication on Neuron Motor Disease patients.

Method: Through observational, transversal, prospective and analytical research, 59 patients, 42 (71,18%) were patients with Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (47,62% males and 52,38% females) and 17 (28,82%) were patients with Progressive Bulbar Paralysis (7 (41,17%) males and 17 (58,83%) females). Patients underwent dysphagia and nutritional assessment and other scales like: Functional Oral Intake Scale, Functional Rating Scale (ALSFRS-R and EGELA) and respiratory assessment (cough peak flow).

Results: 100% of the patients with bulbar involvement showed changes in oral and pharyngeal phases, while ALS patients showed changes in oral phase (66,67%) and pharyngeal phase (73,80%). The nutritional assessment showed malnutrition in 35,71% of the patients with ALS and 23,52% of the patients with PBP. Patients who used other alternative type of feeding: 28% (ALS) and 41,17% (PBP).

Conclusion: Dysphagia was present in all of the patients with bulbar involvement, relating largely with malnutrition. Body Mass Index and Score DEP showed correlation to function rating scale ALSFRS-R. There was correlation between Body Mass Index and the Functional Oral Intake Scale and the cough peak flow.

Keywords: Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis; Dysphagia; Nutrition assessment; Speech, Language and Hearing Sciences

Abbreviation: ALS: Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis; UMN: Upper Motor Neuron; LMN: Lower Motor Neuron; BMI: Weight Loss or Body Mass Index; PBP: Progressive Bulbar Palsy; IFC: Informed Consent Form; FOIS Scale: Functional Oral Intake Scale; PEMS:Protein Energetic Malnutrition Scale

Abstract| Introduction| Patients and Methods| Results| Discussion| Conclusion| Acknowledgement| References|