Systemic Consolidation Treatment after (Chemo) Radiotherapy in Rectal Cancer Treatment

Mert Saynak*1, Dilek Nurlu¹, Funda Cukurcayir^{2, Gorkem Turkkan3 and Sernaz Uzunoglu4}

Received:March 26, 2018;   Published: April 12, 2018

DOI: 10.26717/BJSTR.2018.03.000955

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Abstract

Most people with locally advanced rectal cancer are treated with chemotherapy (ChT), radiotherapy (RT), and surgery. With improved surgical techniques and the addition of neoadjuvant RT ChT, 5-year local recurrence rates have decreased from >25% to <10% [1,2]. Regarding to local/regional disease site, quality of life is a new and increasingly important goal for rectal cancer treatment. However, these advances have not appreciably decreased the risk of distant metastatic recurrence (approximately 30%), which remains the leading cause of rectal cancer-related death. That’s why, systemic treatment to control distant microscopic disease especially has become increasingly importance in recent years.

Abbreviations: ChT : Chemotherapy; RT: Radiotherapy; pCR: Complete Response; MRI: Magnetic Resonance Images; PET: Positron Emission Tomography; CT: Computed Tomography C

Introduction| What is the Importance of Complete Response?| Consolidation Treatment After (Chemo) Radiotherapy| Rationale for Non-Surgical Treatment Approach| Disadvantages of Non-Surgical Treatment Approach| Conclusion| References|