Blood Serum Lipidomic Signature of Invasive Ductal Carcinoma and its Dependence on the Breast Cancer Evolution: A Pilot Study

Carmen Socaciu*¹, Corina Moraru¹, Dan Eniu², Adelina Staicu², Claudiu Rachieru², Rares Buiga² and Andreea Iulia Socaciu²

Received: March 19, 2018;   Published: April 10, 2018

DOI: 10.26717/BJSTR.2018.03.000941

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Abstract

Lipidomics, a promising detection method, may serve as a novel prognostic approach for breast cancer patients. Using high performance liquid chromatography coupled with electrospray ionization triple quadrupole time of flight mass spectrometry, this pilot study aims to detect the serum lipidomic signature of patients with confirmed invasive ductal carcinoma, at three different stages (stage I–III) comparatively to healthy controls. Two different multivariate and univariate statistical models were applied for evaluating the lipid species, by PCA, PLS-DA, AUROC and T-test, as potential biomarkers in the diagnosis of this type of breast cancer. Our results revealed that lipid biomarkers responsible for the discrimination between breast cancer patients and healthy controls belong mainly to diacylglycerol and phosphatidylcholine derivatives of different unsaturated fatty acids.

The breast cancer evolution from stage I to III may be also predicted also by three diacylglycerols and one phosphatidylcholine derivative, while discrimination between pre-menopause and menopause patients can be predicted only by one potential biomarker, a lysophosphatidylcholine (18:2/0:0). These preliminary data are complementary to previous findings which reflect the key role of phospholipid metabolic pathways in breast cancer diagnosis and evolution, as well the signaling role of diacylglycerols as intracellular lipolysis markers. It is obvious that such data need validation for larger patient cohorts, to establish a significant number of relevant biomarkers for breast cancer diagnosis and prognosis.

Keywords: Breast Cancer; Lipidomics; UHPLC-ESI+-MS; Potential Biomarkers

Abbreviations: BC: Breast Cancer; HPLC: High-Performance Liquid Chromatography; MS: Mass Spectrometry; NMR: Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; PLs: Phospholipids; ESI: Electro Spray Ionization; LPC: Lysophos Phatidyl Choline PC: Phosphatidyl Choline; PS: Phosphatidyl Serine; SM: Sphingo Myelin; PIs: Phosphatidyl Inositides; SFAs: Saturated Fatty Acids; GPs: Glycerophos Pholipids, GLs: Glycerol Lipids; SPs: Sphingolipids, FAs: Fatty Acids; STs: Sterol Lipids; PLSDA: Partial Least Square Discrimination Analysis; IDC: Intra Ductal Carcinoma; FMF: Find Molecular Features; ROC: Receiver Operating Characteristic; PCA: Principal Component Analyses; PLS-DA: Partial Least Square Discriminant Analysis; PG: Phosphatidyl Glycerol; FC: Fold Change; PKC: Protein Kinase C

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