Intestinal Microbiota and its Possible Effect on the Brain Pathology

Reza Khalili, Tereza Kacerova, Lukas Vacek and Petr Kacer*

Received: November 05, 2018;   Published: November 16, 2018

DOI: 10.26717/BJSTR.2018.11.002052

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Abstract

According to previous knowledge, human body is a complex biological system in which several microorganisms, especially bacteria, play an important role. It is reported that the number of bacterial cells is up to ten times higher than the number of somatic cells. With microorganisms, we are also tied in terms of evolution and individual development. It is assumed that humans would never have developed such cognitive skills without the presence of bacteria. Microorganisms produce a range of neurochemical active substances that are crucial to our life. In addition, microorganisms contribute to digestion, vitamin synthesis, or elimination of pathogens. The term microbiota (also microflora) refers to the community of microorganisms living in an environment. A set of all their genes is called microbiome.