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Review ArticleOpen Access

The Risk to the Health of the Population Exposed to the Influence of the Road-Car Complex

Volume 10 - Issue 2

Rachmaninoff Yuri1, Levanchuk Alexander*2 and Koptenkova Olga3

  • Author Information Open or Close
    • 1Research Institute of human ecology and environmental hygiene them. AN. Sysina of the Ministry of health of the Russian Federation, Russia
    • 2Northwestern state medical University them. I.I. Mechnikov of Ministry of healthcare of the Russian Federation, Russia
    • 3St. Petersburg state University 199034, St. Petersburg, University embankment, Russia
    • *Corresponding author: AV Levanchuk, Northwestern state medical University them. I. I. Mechnikov of Ministry of healthcare of the Russian Federation, Russia

Received: September 29, 2018;   Published: October 22, 2018

DOI: 10.26717/BJSTR.2018.10.001916

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Abstract

Background: The growth of motorization of the population is accompanied by an increase in the number of environmental pollutants. In this study, the impact on public health risk indicators of not only gaseous but also dust components entering the environment during the operation of vehicles was studied.

Methods: A quantitative assessment of the impact of the process of operation of the road-car complex (DAC) of different intensity on air pollution. Then we determined the value of the indicator of risk to public health at different intensity of air pollution by products of operation of the DAC. The dependence of the risk to public health on the distance to roads with different traffic intensity was determined.

Results: The growth of motorization of the population has led to the formation of a high level of air pollution in megacities during the combustion of fuel, destruction of the road surface, parts of the braking system and tires of the car. Solid dust particles in atmospheric air samples are 70 % represented by aluminosilicates, which have a fibro genic effect, contain heavy metal compounds and substances with a pronounced carcinogenic effect (Benz-(a)-pyrene, di Benz- (a, h)-anthracene, Benz-(B)-fluoranthene and chrysene). It is shown that non-carcinogenic risk in the area of DAC influence with the intensity of traffic flows 2500-3000 cars / hour, in the period up to the age of 30 years is estimated as” negligible”, in 40 years as” moderate”, at the age of 50 years as” high”, for the age over 53 years as” very high “ Critical systems are respiratory and cardiovascular. The dependence of the risk value on the distance to the road is established.

Keywords: Risk Assessment; Road Transport; Air Pollution; Public Health; Life Expectancy

Abstract | Introduction| Methods| Study Design | Sensitivity Analysis| Results| Discussion| Conclusion| Acknowledgment| References|