Non-Coding RNAs and Steroidogenesis

Kenji Ohe*, Yoshihiro Harada, Hiroyoshi Harada, Hiroki Terai, Masayoshi Mori, Yusuke Murata and Munechika Enjoji

Received: October 06, 2018;   Published: October 17, 2018

DOI: 10.26717/BJSTR.2018.10.001910

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Abstract

Non-coding RNAs have retained a prominent role in regulating gene expression. They are RNA species that are not transcribed but functional participate in almost every aspect of cellular function. One of the triggers of their discovery was the human genome project. The number of genes found in the human genome fluctuated during the analyses due to the abundant non-coding RNAs that were difficult to be judged as a gene or not. These non-coding RNAs are consisted of: microRNAs (mi-RNAs) that were found as RNAs transcribed form ultra-conserved regions; and other evolutionary conserved ones such as circular RNAs (circ-RNAs) and long non-coding RNAs (lnc-RNAs), as well as PIWI-interacting RNAs, small nucleolar RNAs, transcribed ultra conserved regions, and large intergenic non-coding RNAs. The amount of these functional non-coding RNAs have been increasing in a nearly exponential manner since their discoveries and have been listed up to more than half of the transcribed RNAs in the human cell. This review will focus on non-coding RNAs related with genes important for the function of the adrenal cortex.

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