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3ZnO/TIO₂ Coupled Oxides LLDPE Nanocomposite: Effect of Various Weight Percent of Sol-gel Synthesized Catalyst on Structural and Bacteriostatic Activity Against S. Aureus and E. Coli

Volume 8 - Issue 4

**Khairul Arifah Saharudin¹, Srimala Sreekantan*¹, Norfatehah Basiron¹, Rabiatul Basria SMN Mydin², Nor Hazliana Harun², Lim Jit Kang³ and Azman Seeni⁴**

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- ¹School of Materials & Mineral Resources Engineering, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Malaysia
- ²Advanced Medical and Dental Institute, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Malaysia
- ³School of Chemical Engineering, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Malaysia
- ⁴Malaysian Institute of Pharmaceuticals and Nutraceuticals (IPHARM), National Institute of Biotechnology Malaysia, Ministry of Science, Malaysia
*Corresponding author: Srimala Sreekantan, School of Materials & Mineral Resources Engineering, Engineering Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 14300 Nibong Tebal, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia

Received: August 19, 2018; Published: September 04, 2018

DOI: 10.26717/BJSTR.2018.08.001681

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Abstract

In this study, coupled oxide 3ZnO:1TiO₂ (3ZT) synthesized by sol-gel method with different weight percentage were incorporated in linear lowdensity polyethylene (LLDPE) for antimicrobial application. The nanoparticles were homogeneously distributed across the surface due to the casting method adopted in this work. The formation of heterojunction of 3ZT and crystalline nature of the phases and high quantity of surface •OH resulted in LLDPE nanocomposites with higher adsorption water molecules property, thus causing a substantial improvement in photocatalytic reaction. The antimicrobial results indicate LLDPE incorporated with coupled oxide 3ZT was active in inactivating Gram-positive; Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and Gram-negative; Escherichia coli (E. coli). S. aureus was found to be more susceptible in killing as compared to E. coli, under visible light. The best inactivation up to 100% was able to achieve for both bacteria in LLDPE with 10wt% under visible light due to more Zn ion and •OH release at a specific incubation time.

Abbreviations: LLDPE: Linear Low-Density Polyethylene; ZAD: Zinc Acetate Dehydrate; Ag: Silver; Cu: Copper; TiO₂ : Titanium Dioxide; ZnO: Zinc Oxide; GRAS: Generally Recognized As Safe; TTIP: Titanium Isopropoxide; DSC: Differential Scanning Calorimetry; Tm: Melting Temperature; FTIR: Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrometer; HRTEM: High-resolution Transmission Electron Microscopy; MB: Methylene Blue; BQ: Benzoquinone; AMDI: Advanced Medical and Dental Institute; LB: Luria-Bertani; CFU: Colony Forming Unit; DSC: Differential Scanning Calorimetry; ACN: Acetonitrile; NCLLS: National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards; MOE: Ministry of Education; TRGS: Transdisciplinary Research Grant Scheme; USM: University Sains Malaysia