Research ArticleOpen Access

Clinical Interface of Macular Retinal and cpRNFL Thickness, OND by OCT and Visual Field for Glaucoma Diagnosis Macula Research for Glaucoma Diagnosis

Volume 5 - Issue 2

Dovile Buteikiene¹, Asta Kybartaite Ziliene², Justina Budeniene¹ and Ingrida Januleviciene¹

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- ¹Department of Ophthalmology, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, UK
- ²Laboratory of Biophysics and Bioinformatics, Neuroscience Institute, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, UK
*Corresponding author: Asta Kybartaite Ziliene, Laboratory of Biophysics and Bioinformatics, Neuroscience Institute, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, UK

Received: May 26, 2018; Published: June 07, 2018

DOI: 10.26717/BJSTR.2018.05.001172

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Abstract

Background: Assessment of clinical interface of macular retinal thickness and circumpapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (cpRNFL) thickness, optic nerve disc (OND) parameters using optical coherence tomography (OCT)and visual field mean deviation in the large scale case-control study were combined to produce a better diagnostic strategy for early glaucoma detection, monitoring and prognosis.

Materials and Methods: It was the case-control study comprising 45-74 years old men and women of 499 healthy and198 patients with primary open angle glaucoma (POAG). All the study subjects underwent full ophthalmological investigation and OCT scanning of the macula, cpRNFL and OND. The statistical analysis was done.

Results:The macular retinal and cpRNFL thickness in sectors, except for the fovea, showed statistically significant thinning in the POAG group compared with the control group. The sectoral macular retinal thickness averages had stronger correlation with respective sectoral cpRNFL thickness averages in the case of POAG. It is possible to make the prognosis that odds ratio to have POAG increases by 3.5 times when retinal thickness average of inferior outer macula is less than 219m. The odds ratio of having cup/disc vertical ratio bigger than 0.577 significantly increased by 2.8 times if inferior outer macular retinal thickness was less than 219m. The odds ratio of having visual field deeper than MD -3.55dB significantly increased 3.5 times if inferior inner + outer macular retinal thickness was less than 237m.

Conclusion: Thinning of the macular retinal thickness in the sectors had significant clinical interface with changes in cpRNFL, visual field loss and OND cupping in glaucoma and may represent a surrogate indicator of retinal ganglion cell loss. Macular thickness measurements with OCT may provide a new approach for the detection and monitoring of glaucomatous damage.

Keywords: Macular retinal thickness; Circumpapillary retinal nerve fiber layer thickness; Optic nerve disc; Primary open angle glaucoma; Optical coherence tomography

Abbrevations: cpRNFL: circumpapillary Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer; OND: Optic Nerve Disc; OCT: Optical Coherence Tomography; POAG: Primary Open Angle Glaucoma; RGC: Retinal Ganglion Cells; RNFL: Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer; VF: Visual Field; IPL: Inner Plexiform Layer; IOP: Intraocular Pressure; UCVA: Uncorrected Visual Acuity: BCVA: Best Corrected Visual Acuity; LogMAR: Logarithm of the Minimum Angle of Resolution; VRI: Vitreoretinal Interface; RPE: Retinal Pigment Epithelium; TI: Temporal Inner Macula; SI: Superior Inner Macula; NI: Nasal Inner Macula; II: Inferior Inner Macula; TO: Temporal Outer Macula; SO: Superior Outer Macula; NO: Nasal Outer Macula; IO: Inferior Outer Macula; SPSS: Statistical Package for Social Science; ROC: Receiver Operating Characteristic