Review ArticleOpen Access

ATP-Binding Cassette (ABC) Transporters and Their Role in Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD)

Volume 5 - Issue 1

**Nirmal Verma^1,2 Jaishree Paul¹ and Reena Kumari*^1,2**

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- ¹Jawaharlal Nehru University, India
- ²University of Kentucky, Lexington, USA
*Corresponding author: Reena Kumari, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067 India, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40536, USA, 1318 Nancy Hanks Rd, Apt 5, Lexington Kentucky 40504, USA

Received: April 23, 2018; Published: May 30, 2018

DOI: 10.26717/BJSTR.2018.05.001141

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Abstract

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic, relapsing, idiopathic inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract characterizing chronic colonic inflammation of GIT. This results from the interaction between the various components of the mucosal immune system and the microenvironment. It is considered as an auto immune disease (AID) involving various factors like immune dysregulation, genetic predisposition, dysbiosis of commensal flora and environmental factors. ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters are a large superfamily of membrane proteins with various functions and are also expressed on apical lining of intestine. They utilize the energy from ATP hydrolysis for import and export of from ATP hydrolysis for import and export of substrates. The inflammatory changes associated with IBD pathophysiology are may affect the inner mucosal layer structure and affects these transporters modifying their absorptive and secretory functions and protective role against toxic compounds.

This subsequently affects the drug absorption and hence IBD treatment. Beside this transporters also play role in drug resistance and their expression is modulated during inflammatory conditions IBD. Therefore regulating the ABC transporter may be useful in controlling the symptoms or treatment of disease. ABC transporters expressed on epithelial lining of intestine could interact with gut pathogens and microbes and could involve in dysbiosis leading to various gastrointestinal disease such as IBD. The information outlined in this review may help in designing new studies for further exploration of ABC transporters and their role in gastrointestinal diseases. This might be beneficial to develop improved innovative approaches.

Keywords: ABC transporters, Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), Gut microbes, Dysbiosis

Abstract| Introduction| Discussion and Conclusion| References|