Abstract
Introduction: Bone Marrow Aspirate Concentrate (BMAC) is an innovative
regenerative method.
Aim: To reveal the importance of the BMAC in curing man’s diseases.
Methods: It is a mini-review report concerning the BMAC by searching in google
scholar in the last five years.
Results: BMAC procedure is harmless, comfortable, safe, plus high satisfaction
technique. Furthermore, BMAC had lower patient mortality plus morbidity.
Conclusion: BMAC is a good choice in curing or alleviating man’s difficult-to-treat
diseases.
Keywords: Bone Marrow Aspirate Concentrate; BMAC; Regenerative; Procedure
Mini Review
A Bone Marrow Aspirate Concentrate procedure (BMAC)
is an innovative regenerative method implemented in medical
practice since the early nineteenth century as a simple medical
relief that grew steadily through good experiences and training.
Consequently, these undifferentiated stem cells create diverse kinds
of differentiated cells. [1]. The BMAC procedure is an uncomplicated
technique that runs on various diseases not cured by traditional
remedies or pathologies that need principal medicine. Therefore,
in the BMAC method, the operator inserted the BMAC in the hurt
tissue to form subsequent physiological chains in the involved
tissue. Consequently, the BMAC exhibited the capability to assist
the diseased tissue microstructure for tissue reconstruction over
time. [2]. The earlier BMAC testers attempted victorious trials of
the BMAC method in animals and later in humans with excellent
outcomes. Furthermore, the experimenters illuminated the
growing pertinence of the BMAC in many disorders and unmanaged
conditions [3]. BMAC method included catching a small amount of
the participant bone marrow from the (anterior or posterior part
of the pelvis) by local an aesthesia as an outpatient procedure.
The operator transfers this part of bone marrow to a specialized
laboratory in an aseptic way.
Hence, the laboratory operator collects the stem cells by an
activation device like “Adi-Stem, AdiLight-2 Photo device” and
guards these stem cells to reinsert them into the same patient
blood or the diseased tissue for the cure [4]. Consequently, the
doctor proffered the sufferer a painkiller and advised of bed rest
for a week. After that, the specialist will follow the patients with
education and rehabilitation after the BMAC shot, but if the patient did not benefit from the first shot of BMAC, the physician gave a
second injection after three weeks [5]. BMAC accommodates
immature stem cells plus growth factors, which gave more
influence than the “autologous platelet-rich plasma”. Hence, this
plasma holds the growth factors only. Afterward, this essential
contrast offers the BMAC effectiveness in tissue regeneration plus
emblematic symptom amelioration [6]. In 2020, the Food and Drug
Administration (FDA) in the USA approved “blood-forming stem
cells” or “hematopoietic progenitor cells” from umbilical cord
blood, but in 2021 the USA approved other types of stem cells.
Nevertheless, some principal academic hospitals in the USA and
developed nations with excellent results. Further, Native Stem Cell
Hospitals practiced BMAC treatment following 2014. Moreover,
in 2020 the Food and Drug Administration acquired specific
guidelines [7].
Uses of BMAC
A. Musculoskeletal Conditions
1. Accelerate Fracture Healing
2. Cure Non-United Fractures
3. Cure Early Osteoarthritis
4. Reliving Osteoarthritic Pain
5. Cure Early Osteonecrosis
6. Enhance Cartilage Repair and Capacity
7. Cure Osteochondritis
8. Delay Arthritic Progress
9. Cure Ligament Injuries
10. Cure Disc Disease
11. Heal Meniscal Injuries
B. Skin
1. Heals Chronic Skin Wounds
2. Treat Chronic Skin Ulcers
3. Treat Difficult Burns
C. Nerves
1. Cure Spinal Cord Injuries
2. Heals
3. Cerebral palsy
D. Wounds
1. Heal chronic wounds
2. Repairing muscle loss
3. Improve muscle healing
E. Diabetes
1. Cure type 1 diabetes mellitus
2. Lowering blood sugar in type 2 diabetes mellitus
3. Repair diabetic foot
F. Ischemia
1. Congestive Heart Failure
2. Heart Failure
3. Critical limb ischemia
G. Eye Diseases
1. Usher syndrome
2. Serpiginous Choroidopathy
3. Dominant Optic Atrophy
H. Ear Diseases
1. Usher syndrome
2. Ear Cartilage loss
3. Cochlear disease
I. Brain
1. Autism
2. Stroke
3. Traumatic Brain
Complications of BMAC
A. Most of those complexities are minor and settle spontaneously.
1. Pain in situ
2. Simple discomfort
3. Hematoma
4. Numbness
5. Need repeated applications
Limitations of BMAC Procedure
1. Not Licensed in Some Countries
2. Expensive
3. Not In Health Insurance List
4. Repeated Injections
5. Need Special Laboratory Tools
Results
BMAC procedure is harmless, comfortable, safe, plus high satisfaction technique. Furthermore, BMAC had lower patient mortality plus morbidity.
Conclusion
BMAC is a good choice in curing or alleviating man’s difficultto- treat diseases.
References
- Snow M (2018) Bone Marrow Aspirate Concentrate and Expanded Stem Cell Applications in Orthopaedics. Bentham Science Publishers.
- Law L (2019) Scientific Basis for Stem Cell Therapy. In: Deer T Deer's Treatment of Pain. Springer, Cham.
- Von Rickenbach K (2021) Orthobiologics. In: Schoenfeld A Principles of Orthopedic Practice for Primary Care Providers. Springer, Cham.
- Chahla J, Sandeep Mannava, Mark E Cinque, Andrew G Geeslin, David Codina, et al. (2017) Bone Marrow Aspirate Concentrate Harvesting and Processing Technique. Arthro Tech 6(2): 441-445.
- Ernat J (2021) A Review of Bone Marrow Aspirate Concentrate and Its Use in Primary Osteoarthritis of the Knee J Orthop Sports Med, p. 62-74.
- Lana J, Lucas Furtado da Fonseca, Rafael da Rocha Macedo, Tomas Mosaner, William Murrell, et al. (2021) Platelet-rich plasma vs bone marrow aspirate concentrate: An overview of mechanisms of action and orthobiologic synergistic effects. World J Stem Cells 13(2): 155–167.
- Kubrova E, D Souza, Ryan S, Wang Qian, Andre J, et al. (2020) Injectable Biologics. AJPMR 99(10): 950-960.