Low Level Millimetric Waves Exposure in Post Traumatic Surgery Pain Relief : A 2 Cases Report Waves Exposure in Post Traumatic Surgery Pain Relief : A 2 Cases

ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT Practicing high-risk sports, such as skiing, frequently leads to osteo articular traumatisms requiring complex surgery. The postoperative period is often painful, even when major analgesic medications are used. We report 2 cases of ski accidents: one involving a knee twist, the other a complex dislocation of the shoulder. Both resulting in a very painful postoperative recovery time. In one case, exposure of the wrist to low level electromagnetic wave in the millimetric frequency (MMW, 60GHz, continuous wave) by means of a device designed for wellness or to improve or initiate sleep, resulted in almost complete pain relief and the removal of analgesics, allowing active rehabilitation. While the results in the other case seemed less spectacular, the use of the device provided physiological support to the mechanism of the MMW’s analgesic properties.


Introduction
The practice of winter sports, skiing or snowboarding, although widespread, remains a risky activity. 144,000 injuries were taken care of by mountain doctors during the 2018-2019 season in France, representing an incidence of 2.55 injuries per 1,000 skiers per day [1,2]. The majority of accidents result either from a fall or a collision with a third party. In the latter situation, the speed of the skier upstream (the one hitting), causes injuries, often of the most serious kind [3]. Under the age of 30, most injuries involve wrists, shoulders, knees, and head (mainly snowboarding accidents). After the age of 31, injuries to the knees (in particular the rupture of cruciate ligaments) and shoulders (mainly dislocations) are predominantly related to skiing [4,5]. These situations are illustrated by two cases presented in this article. With regard to knee damage, as in case 1, it mostly concerns sprains or ruptures of the anterior cruciate ligament [6], alone or accompanied by lateral ligament injuries. An anterior cruciate ligament injury results from a fall, with the foot fixed to the ground, producing valgus, flexion, and external rotation, all in hyper-extension. In addition to the initial cracking sensation, combined with hydarthrosis and instability of the knee, intense pain often immediately occurs. These conditions are frequently compounded by sprained lateral ligaments and meniscus lesions, as in case 1. In case 2, the lesions concern the upper limbs and in particular a complicated scapulohumeral dislocation-fracture with functional impairment and immediate pain of great intensity.
What these two cases have in common is that they both involve severe pain and the deliberate use of a millimetric-wave device (MD). This device was originally designed to improve well-being and, in particular, to enable (at least partial) sleep to be restored. It turns out that the use of external millimetric wave (MMW) exposure had been proposed in the late 19 th century in several of the former Eastern-Bloc [7,8] countries. Among the various applications [9,10], wound healing [11] and the relief [12] of chronic pain were clearly identified. Such effects were mainly related to the peripheral nervous stimulation induced by the MMW, leading to  [13,14]. Recent technological advances in high-speed electronics and miniaturization have allowed to develop inexpensive, integrated hyper-frequency emitters that can be simply worn by the patient like a watch (see (Figure 1   Two weeks later, a surgery was performed: classic ACL technique (French DIDT) for the anterior cruciate ligament [16,17], and sutures of the external meniscus (the lateral ligament was not modified). The surgery was combined with a Zimmer splint. Paracetamol 4g), in high daily doses, is again required to achieve an approximate VAS of 5. This led Mrs Marie R to test the MMW bracelet, twice a day to begin with. As soon as she started (i.e. on day 28), the VAS dropped to 2 and all medical treatment was immediately stopped (use of ice only, locally). Thereafter, only one use of the bracelet per day was maintained, and Marie was able to undertake regular rehabilitation (VAS 2). Furthermore, she began to space out the bracelet sessions, and managed to walk with a single crutch. The crutches were removed in the following weeks, which finally enabled her to stop using the bracelet. The different stages are shown in (Table 1) below.  March. An increase in the feeling of crushing and numbness in the right-hand fingers was observed, whereas no noticeable effect on dysesthesia or shoulder pain was present. In the hypothesis of an alteration of nerve conduction by its paraparetic limb, the wrist on which the device was worn was changed, i.e. from right to left wrist (2 to 3 times a day, from 14 to 19 March).

Cases Description
Although it was difficult to assess the decrease in pain intensity  (Table 2) summarizes the events that occurred during this period.

Discussion
The observations presented here relate the effects of local exposure to low power millimetric radiation (60GHz, 14mW/cm 2 , continuous waves) on recovery in the post-surgical phase after severe sports trauma. In both cases, the MD was purchased and tested in an attempt to help achieve a little well-being and sleep, Hence, the relief of osteoarticular pain appears to be well identified, both in terms of well-being, sleep and functional recovery, when the device was set on the contralateral wrist. This point leads to the neurological evolution, where the spontaneous regression of pararesia was obviously present. However, it points out that adjusting the device homolaterally to the lesion appeared ineffective in pain relief. Our mechanistic hypothesis in MMW hypoalgesic is that local stimulation of the peripheral cutaneous receptors properties leads, via nervous centripetal information, to central nervous secretion of endorphins [6][7][8]. This hypothesis is supported by several experimental results and publications [9,10]. For instance, using the cold-water tail-flick test (cTFT) as a quantitative indicator in a series blind experiments on pain in mice, Radjevski [11], tested the hypoalgesic effect of a single exposure of mice to low power electromagnetic millimetre waves (MW) with MMW exposure characteristics very similar to those used in the present report: 61.22 GHz; incident power density 5 to 15mW/cm 2 , for an exposure duration of 15 minutes on the hairless skin of the footpad. Hence, exposed mice were able to resist cold harmful stimulation for more than twice as long as unexposed animals.
Furthermore, the deafferentation of the area of exposure by the unilateral transection of the sciatic nerve resulted in a complete loss of the hypoalgesic effect.