Routine body check up and good health tips for elder person

Routine health check-up can help to find problems early for better treatment and cure. Balanced diet and proper life style would keep our body running like a well-tuned engine, which would prevent diseases, suffering, morbidity and mortality in the long run. So it became customary for everyone to have a yearly check-up even if someone is feeling perfectly well. The paper deals with routine physicals, screening tests, and good health tips for healthy & asymptomatic adults.


Eye Tests
Eyesight tends to deteriorate with age. Serious eye conditions such as Glaucoma, Cataracts, Diabetic retinopathy and macular degeneration are more common with age.

Eye pressures
Eye pressure testing (Tonometry) is one of the ways we watch for Glaucoma, a leading cause of blindness.

Visside vision
Visual field testing (measuring side vision) is another way we watch for Glaucoma.

Dilated retinal examination [2]
 By evaluating the eye's natural lens, we can detect signs of cataracts.  By looking for changes in the optic nerve, we may be able to tell if glaucoma is present.  Damage to the eye's arteries and veins (blood vessels) can give us clues about the presence of diabetes.

Slit lamp (microscope)
For Dry eyes, Eyelid disease etc other eye care.

Dental check up Scaling and cleaning
Scaling and cleaning involves the removal of built-up debris from the teeth. This may include food particles, soft plaque or hard calculus.

Fissure sealants
Sealants protect teeth from decay.

LUNGs test
Breathing Tests [3] (Spirometry) This test measures how much air you can breathe in and out. It also measures how fast you can blow air out.
The test helps to detect diseases like asthma and COPD (Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease). Pulmonary fibrosis (scarring of the lung tissue).

Lung Diffusion Capacity
This test measures how well oxygen passes from your lungs to your bloodstream. Tests to Measure Oxygen Level Pulse Oximetry and arterial blood gas tests show how much oxygen is in your blood.

Lung Volume Measurement
Body Plethy smography is a test that measures how much air is present in your lungs when you take a deep breath. It also measures how much air remains in your lungs after you breathe out fully. Spirometry can show whether you have: A blockage (obstruction) in your airways. This may be a sign of asthma, COPD (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease), or another obstructive lung disorder.

Cardiac Tests Electrocardiogram (ECG or EKG) [4]
An electrical activity and show certain problems such as abnormal heartbeats or damage to the heart. Electrocardiogram (ECG or EKG) is a test that can record your heart's electrical impulse.

Chest x-ray
A chest x-ray provides a picture of the lungs, heart, large arteries, ribs, and the diaphragm.

Blood pressure test
To check the blood pressure in sphygmomanometer. Normal blood pressure level is 120/80 mm Hg.

Echocardiogram
An Echocardiogram uses sound waves to create a moving picture of your heart. It provides information about the size and shape of your heart and how well your heart chambers and valves are functioning.

Heart rate
It is the speed of the heartbeat, specifically the number of heartbeats per unit of time. The normal adult human heart rate ranges from 60-100 bpm.

Pulse Rate
Older, and adults (including seniors): 60 -100 beats per minute. Creatine phosphokinase-MB (CPK-MB) CPK-MB is a cardiac marker use to assist diagnoses of an acute myocardial infarction. The normal adult human range 5 to 25 IU/L

Troponin a troponin test
Measures the levels troponin T or troponin I proteins in the blood. There proteins are released when the heart muscle has been damaged, such as occurs with the heart attack. The normal adult human range less than 0.01 ng/mL

Blood Tests
A fasting glucose test that checks your blood sugar level to screen for diabetes. Normal blood sugar level is Fasting blood glucose  Less than or equal to 100 milligrams per deciliter (mg/dL)  2 hours after eating (postprandial)  Less than 140 mg/dL (7.8 mmol/L) for people age 50 and younger;  Less than 150 mg/dL (8.3 mmol/L) for people ages 50-60;  Less than 160 mg/dL (8.9 mmol/L) for people age 60 and older.

HbA1c blood test [5]
HbA1c is a marker that can determine your average blood sugar (glucose) levels over the previous 3 months. [ A complete blood count (CBC) gives important information about the kinds and numbers of cells in the blood, especially red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets. Normal range of WBC: 5,000-10,000 WBCs per cubic millimeter (mm3).  Normal range of WBC cell types(differential)  Neutrophils: 50%-62% Band neutrophils: 3%-6%  Lymphocytes: 25%-40% Monocytes: 3%-7% Eosinophils: 0%-3%  Normal range of RBC: 4.5-5.5 million RBCs per mcL.  Normal range of Haemoglobin: 14-17.4 g/dL Table 2: Platelet (thrombocyte) count 140,000-400,000 platelets per mm [3] Liver Function Tests (Lft) [9][10][11][12] Bilirubin Total Bilirubin is a reddish yellow pigment made during the normal breakdown of the RBCs. Levels of bilirubin increase in liver diseases, as well as in some conditions like gallstones. But in some cases of chronic liver illnesses like hepatitis.  Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) test [14][15]  This test may be used in men to screen for prostate cancer (beginning at the age of 50 or at age 40 if at higher risk) and to monitor prostate cancer treatment. PSA is a protein produced by the prostate gland.  For most men- The normal range for the PSA test is lower than 4.0 ng/mL.
Men at increased risk for prostate cancer may be retested if their level is higher than 2.5 ng/mL.  Normally, the protein PSA can be found in two forms in the blood either attached to other proteins or "free" (unattached).
The free PSA test measures the amount of PSA that is unattached. Test for women [20] Breast test Mammography It is the process of using low-energy x-rays (usual around 30 kVp) to examine the women breast and it use as a diagnostic and a screening tool.

Abdomen test Ultrasonography
Above 40 women, suffer uterine cyst, so to check it Ultrasonography is used.

PAP smear test
It is a method of cervical screening used to detect potentially precancerous and cancerous processes in the endocervical canal.
Blood tests for infertility FSH (Follicle-stimulating Hormone) [21] It helps a women's menstrual cycle and the production of egg maturation. Normal range 5-20 IU/L (Third day of Menstrual Period)

LH (Luteinizing Hormone)
In women, luteinizing hormone (LH) is link to ovarian hormone production and egg maturation. Normal range 24-40 mlU/ml (24-36 hours before ovulation) Ovarian Reserve (AMH) test [22] The level of AMH (Anti-Mullerian Hormone) in an women's blood is generally a good indicator of her ovarian reserve. Normal range 1.35-4 ng/mL.  [22][23][24] Rheumatoid factor (RA) Rheumatoid factor are proteins produced by our immune system that can attack healthy tissue in our body. Less than 15 IU/ml C-reactive protein Widely inflammation. Means, it measures a substance produced by the liver that increases in the presence of inflammation.