Prevention of Muscle Imbalance in Preschool Children Through the Rhythmic Gymnastics

The problem of modern physical inactivity in children is becoming very relevant. Accelerated technological progress observed in society contributes to a reduction...


Introduction
Currently, under the influence of numerous socio-economic and ecological factors, the health of children and adolescents has deteriorated, and is in critical condition. Incorrect posture, according to many authors, is found in 15-20% of younger children, and 10-12 years old -every third child is marked. Most postural disorders in school-age children have acquired a functional character. It is known that the conditions of the educational environment are the dominant factor in the formation of the whole range of functional states of the students that reflect a type of "school violations" syndrome in the activities of the life support systems of the body [1].
Nowadays, under the conditions of the scientific and technological revolution (smart phones, tablets), the interest of the children in the knowledge of these "toys" has suddenly increased, which often leads to an increase in the neuropsychological load, significantly reducing the physical activity of the children.
The lack of movement, static positions lead to asymmetry in muscle development and eventually to various posture violations [2]. Today's children have encountered problems of hypertension, functional disorders of the muscles, muscle imbalance, when some muscle groups are spasmodic and others, on the contrary, too relaxed, which can lead to muscle fatigue, muscle pain, postural disorders. The incorrect position of the body is related to the need to prolong the rescue of the working position, the unilateral muscular weight, the weakness and underdevelopment of the musculoskeletal system, the loss of sight, hearing, creates unfavourable conditions in the functioning of organs and systems.
There are adverse effects, especially in the circulatory, respiratory and digestive systems.
Position of body segments in space with forced static hypostases sitting, standing, and conditioned reflex is fixed in an ordinary position, a posture is installed, and curves of the spine are formed.
Training, education, and then strengthening is done at 18-20 years.
One of the ways to improve violations is the means and methods of physical education and sports applications. The implementation of these tools and techniques creates the conditions for the correct posture formation, its correction and the prophylaxis of disorders [3,4].

Materials and Methods
The purpose of our research involved the appreciation of the possibilities of rhythmic gymnastics funds for the prophylaxis of muscular imbalance in pre-schoolers through rhythmic gymnastics. The research methodology is presented by the methods of theoretical analysis and synthesis of the data of the specialized literature, the analysis of the training process, the method of pedagogical observation, the testing of physical capabilities, the pedagogical experiment, the methods of statistical mathematics. Data analysis of the scientific and methodological literature was performed on the problems of hypo-dynamics and kineto-prophylaxis. It has been studied the problems of the physical development of the children, as well as the means of the sports tests aimed at the physical development were analysed and synthesized.
The synthesis of the literary data allowed us to find that the

4.
Arm Muscles -from the support position lying down, legs extended, the child tries to move forward in the hands (m). -forward and backward extension of the legs, landing on the floor; the front string is made with the legs extended laterally. The distance from the groin area to the floor will be determined (cm).

2.
The Backbone -was accomplished in one forward direction by bending the body from the sitting position on the floor, the legs slightly apart laterally, the arms outstretched (cm).

1.
Of the actions are determined according to VL Marishchuk [5] -performing the beating of the hands (times) over the head and thighs for 20 seconds.

Statistical Analysis
The processing of the obtained results of the research was carried out by means of mathematical processing and interpretation of statistical data: arithmetical mean the mean ( ), standard deviation ( δ ), the standard error of the mean values, the reliability of the differences in the mean values of the two empirical sets was determined by the Student's t-criterion.

Description of the Experiment
The          Table 1, where the comparative analysis of the average group indexes of the examined children is presented. As can be seen, out of 12 parameters more than half (7)  help to enrich the teachers, both in the plan of its cultural elevation and of the practitioners, as well as in the aspect of the creative approach to his profession.