Analysis on The Physiological and Biochemical Parameters of Weekly Pre-Competition Training Session for Men's Lightweight Rowers

This paper conducts a physiological and biochemical regulation analysis on the elite rowers’ weekly pre-competition training session, taking Guangdong men’s lightweight rowing team as study object. Methods: literature study, expert interview, test and mathematical statistics. Results: Firstly, the weekly training session consists differentdistance rowing on water, core strength training on land with proper load-intensity, which mainly focuses on aerobic training and intensifies training according to the rowers’ weak points during the full length rowing; Secondly, the performance in simulation games and the final game indicate the effectiveness of the training with improvement of whole distance rowing results, the rowers’ lactic acid indexes rise as their performances improve. Conclusions: the weekly rowing training mode reasonably allocates land training and water training, which proves its effectiveness through analyzing the rowers’ physiological and biochemical changes during training sessions and games. This research is applicable to the monitoring of physiological and biochemical index for elite rowers’ weekly pre-competition training session.


Introduction
There are many factors that influence the improvement of rowing performance such as the rowers' skills, physical ability, tactics and their pre-competition state are always the focus of training [1]. In the monitoring of exercise load, physiological and biochemical parameters for rowers' training, which includes exercise load, aerobic system, energy supply, physiological and biochemical indexes. Such as the different incremental load exercise in rowing [1,2]; Physiological monitoring in training helps to monitor the quality of training special youth rowing athletes and having competitive level of young athletes [3]; The high body fat percentage is one of the main factors restricting the improvement of result [4]; The profile of energy contributions in longer time trials is met by aerobic energy system [5]; Full-scale measurement instruments lies in building a biomechanical model and a diagnosis evaluation system [6][7][8][9][10]. The elements of rowers' quality include strength, stamina, coordination, balance and flexibility like Rowing requires the qualities of strength, stamina, coordination, balance, rhythm and determination of quality [11][12][13][14][15]; The core strength of rowing training is the important to specific physical fitness training [16]; The elements of fast strength and core strength training, flexibility and balance ability of ontology stability training are import for rowers' capability improvement [17].
For the competitive ability of rowers, it is important for rowers' capability evaluation from final results and split times [6]; Rowerboat-oar oneness sense is the core power for rowers' competitive ability [18]; The GNSS provides real-time technical support and data analysis after training and competition of rowing, which helps understand the rowers training details and perform more scientific analysis [19]; The elements of enough training time, rowing distance, reasonable training item and structure, lower intensity is help to the improvement of performance; The world pattern of rowing development trend including high stroke rate, earlier sprinting, longer sprinting and two-pole faster tactics and higher age. But, there is currently a lack of references on the physiological and biochemical parameters analysis on the elite men rowers' weekly pre-competition training session. The pre-competition training session includes technique, core strength, cycle power, performance in simulation games, rowers' lactic acid indexes. so, the applied research program on the integrated approach of the elite men rowers' weekly pre-competition training session is conducive to the improvement of the players' performance and has a practical significance.

Research Objects
Take 5 men lightweight elite rowers from Guangdong Rowing Training Base as study object in China, analyze the training mode before the target competition. The rowers are between 19-30 years old, averaged 22. Their performances are shown in Table 1.

Basics of The Training Sessions Basic Content And Purpose Of Pre-Competition On Water
Training Sessions: The annual on water training sessions consist of 2km and 6km aerobic stroking exercise with low, medium and high stroke rates in 2-3 groups; 20km, 14-16km and 15-20 set-out stroking; 2km against stroking, which aim to improve the rowers' long-distance stroking ability, short-distance stroking ability and against stroking ability. Its purpose, stroke rates, lactic acid range, velocity ratio, state and functional system are shown in the  Table 3.   Table 4.  Table 5. 2km-4km slow stroking is adopted on water limbering work, 15-20 minutes, heart rate recovers to 115-140/min, which helps rowers to recover from tiredness Table 5.  warming up section and limbering work section, which helps to relieve the muscular tension and keep the flexibility of the muscles.

Mode of Weekly Training
The weekly training intensity take the schedule of two highs with one low, low intensity will be conducted one week before the target game as an adjustment; the load of training decreased gradually and low intensity will be conducted one week before the target game as an adjustment; the allocation of different load of training is displayed in Table 6.

Analysis of The Performance of Target Competition
The weather conditions such as wind directions and temperature has major influence on the performance of the rowing test, but form the table 9, we find that the performances of different rowing games generally rise and keep stable in the games after the application of specific training before the national games. The systematic weekly pre-competition training content, load target implementation, aerobic test and regulation plan 2 weeks before the competition all reflect the effectiveness of the mode design Table 9.

Conclusion
The weekly rowing training mode reasonably allocates land training and water training, which proves its effectiveness through analyzing the rowers' physiological and biochemical changes during training sessions and games. It will help rowers perform more steadily in target competition to improve the scientificity of rowing training, the reasonableness of the weekly pre-competition training intensity, the rowers' recovery ability and adaptability to changes in simulation games. This research is applicable to the monitoring of physiological and biochemical index for elite rowers' weekly pre-competition training session.