Most Common Pathologies in Primary Care

These services are provided by public, private and publicprivate health institutions. The ministry supervises and regulates the implementation of health care at the three institutional levels, such asthe public, private, and public-private institutions. The Primary healthcare institutions emphasize the main family medical center with the components defined by sub-legal act issued by the Ministry such as:


Introduction
Primary health care in Kosovo is ensured in accordance with the policies, plans and standards set out by sub-legal act issued by the Ministry. These services are provided by public, private and publicprivate health institutions. The ministry supervises and regulates the implementation of health care at the three institutional levels, such asthe public, private, and public-private institutions. The Primary healthcare institutions emphasize the main family medical center with the components defined by sub-legal act issued by the Ministry such as: Primary Health Care Includes a) Promotion of health, early detection, diagnosis, treatment and rehabilitation of the diseases, as well as minor surgical interventions. b) Making systematic visits to children and young people at all levels of education such as primary, secondary, and high education in the territory of the municipality.

c)
Preservation and promotion of public health, including vaccine prophylaxis and chemio-prophylaxis in accordance with the law. d) Promotes oral health and dental health care. e) Diagnosis of patients and treatment of tuberculosis.

f)
Organization of emergency medical services as part of the unique system of services in all three levels of health care. g) Mother and child health care services and planning services. h) Mental health services.
Municipalities are responsible for the implementation of Primary Health Care by giving priority to the implementation of preventive measures through the implementation of the concept of a medicinal family [1][2][3][4]. Kosovo has 36 municipalities, where KPS institutions are located, respectively the Main Family Medical Centers It should be noticed that besides the Main Family Medical Centers, among the institutions that provide primary health care are Family Medicine Centers (Family Medicine Center) and Family Medicine Points (PMF). In some municipalities within the F's there are also out-of-hospital Maternity and Women's Welfare Centers.
Family Medicine consists of a group of specialized doctors in this area. The family doctor offers advice and assistance for all illnesses in general and exerts the following competences: a) Provides medical advice on health protection and identifies diseases; b) Diagnoses the disease and treating the patient; c) Instructs and treats preventive disease treatment.
During the treatment of health problems in primary health care we encountered the variety of pathologies, among which were mainly acute tonsilopharyngitis, essential arterial hypertension, backache causing diseases, gastroenteritis and diarrhea, influenza and diabetes mellitus [5][6][7][8].

Purpose of the Paper
The purpose of this paper to provide practitioners and professionals with a more comprehensive overview over the pathologies that occur most frequently in Primary Medicine (Family Medicine Center Besi), relying upon the incidences by sex and age for certain pathologies (acute tonsilopharyngitis, essential arterial hypertension, gastroenteritis and diarrhea, diabetes mellitus, backache causing diseases and influenza). In addition, incidence by appearance frequency of influenza during the months of the year [9][10][11][12].

Research Methods
The statistical data on the morbidity of the population of the Besi Family Medicine Center were used from the period 01 January 2017 to 31 December 2017. In this retrospective study, 4720 cases of the described pathologies have been reported [13-15].
The cases of patients diagnosed with acute tonsillopharyngitis, gastroenteritis and diarrhea, diabetes mellitus, essential arterial hypertension, backache causing diseases and influenza were diagnosed during 2017 [16].
Demographic and morbidity characteristics of the researched population (gender, age). a) Data related to the aforementioned pathologies. b) A Comparison between the age and gender was made.

c)
It was explored the appearance of influence over the months of the year.
d) The research deals with the type of retrospective studies, data have been obtained from the main family medicine center in Prishtina, for the family medicine center Besi.
e) The obtained results are presented in tables and graphs.
Regarding the investigation of diabetes mellitus , the most affected age during 2017 was 55-64 years old and with a lot of attacked females [26].
For essential arterial hypertension, the most affected age in 2017 was 55-64 years of age and mostaffected was the female gender [27].
For influenza, the most affected age in 2017 was 20-34 years of age and females were more affected. Also during the early autumn (October), spring (March, April) and winter (January, February) we have the most appearance of it [28].
The results indicate that the most affected age in 2017 for Gastroenteritis and diarrhea has been from 1 to 4 years, where women are more effected than men. However, we noted a significant decrease of cases with age.
For acute tonsilopharyngitis, the most affected age during 2017 is from 1 to 9 years old. Also here women are more often affected than men [29].
As for the backache causing disesases, the increasing incidences are positively associated with age and women seem to be more often affected than men.
Out of a total of 17,922 patients in the family home trust 10,102 (56.37%) were females and 7820 (43.63%) male. Where 6 Diseases Participate with 4720 (26.34%) cases out of the total, with 2568 (14.33%) female cases and 2152 (12.01%) male cases (Tables 1 &  2   From the diagram we see that the most attached age during 2017 was from 55-64 years of age and the female gender was more attached (Graphic 4).

Graphic 4:
Graphic appearance for Diabetes Mellitus based on age and gender.
As we see the most attached age for Essential Arterial Hypertension, during 2017 is 55-64 years of age and more affected was the female gender (Graphic 5).

Graphic 5:
Graphic appearance of Essential Arterial Hypertension based on age and gender.
From the diagram we see that the most attached age with influenza during 2017 was from 20-34 years of age and the most attacked gender was the female one. Worth mentioning is the distribution of the disease without large differences based on the age (Graphic 6).
The Diagram shows that for Acute Tonsillopharyngitis during 2017 more affected was the age from 1-9 years and most attached was the female gender (Graphic 9).

Graphic 9:
Graphic appearance of Acute Tonsillopharyngitis based on age and gender.
The Diagram shows that for Backache causing Diseases during 2017 the number of cases increased on elderly ages and more attached was the female gender (Graphic 10).
Graphic 10: Graphic appearance for Backache causing Diseases based on gender and age.

Discussion
From the most frequent problems in primary health care at QMF No. VI-Prishtina, according to the data surveyed we gained and understand that out of 17922 diagnosed patients, 4720 patients presented one of the 6 pathologies. The first place, within these pathologies was acute tonsillopharyngitis, which occurred with 1898 cases in total, of which 1031 patients were female patients and 867 male patients. If we compare the primary services of the Swiss medical system, we understand that the organization of primary services in that system is based on independent private practices, provided by specialists in the field of general medicine and internal medicine which are distributed by geographical needs, also divided into cantons. Based on the statistics of 2016, we can conclude that from the diagnosed cases 11.6% are with psychological disorders, 11.5% with central nervous system and sensory diseases, 10.9% with cardiovascular system problems, 9.8% with loco-motor system problems [36,37].

Conclusion
The research has shown that the most common diseases in primary health care are: acute tonsillopharyngitis, Essential Arterial Hypertension, Gastroenteritis and diarrhea, Backache diseases, Influenza and Diabetes Mellitus.
As shown in the study, the appearance frequency of these pathologies from 4720 cases results in 40.16% with acute tonsilopharyngitis, 19.17% with Essential Arterial Hypertension, 16.14% with backache causing diseases, 10.78% with gastroenteritis and diarrhea, 7.65% with influenza and 6.04% with diabetes Mellitus.
As the statistics show, primary health care presents a very important link in preventing, diagnosing, treating properly, and avoiding the possible complications associated with the diseases being explored.