Intellectual Management of Irrigation Systems in the Mountain-Irrigated Agriculture in Azerbaijan

The main directions of economic and social development of the republic is the intensification of agricultural production. Irrigation is a powerful means of intensifying agricultural production in the conditions of its specialization. In areas of insufficient moisture (especially characteristic of mountainous areas), irrigation is one of the decisive factors in the cultivation of high and stable crop yields (Figure 1).


Introduction
The main directions of economic and social development of the republic is the intensification of agricultural production. Irrigation is a powerful means of intensifying agricultural production in the conditions of its specialization. In areas of insufficient moisture (especially characteristic of mountainous areas), irrigation is one of the decisive factors in the cultivation of high and stable crop yields ( Figure 1).

Figure 1.
Purpose of the Research: To this end, it is necessary to develop new technical solutions and introduce automated low-intensity irrigation systems for agricultural crops that meet the require ments of the environment and protect their habitat, which allows improving the ecological status of irrigated land, reducing water consumption per unit and increasing yields crops on the irrigated field.

Methods of Research and Discussion
Irrigated soils in Azerbaijan cover 1,45 thousand hectares. It is believed that the use of automation also applies to factors directly affecting the entrainment of crop yields and increasing the productivity of each hectare of arable land and agricultural land with minimal outlays of labour and resources. Automated irrigation increases the efficiency of all the intensification factors: chemicalization, complex mechanization, renewal grade, intensive technology, etc. It allows creating large zones of guaranteed crop production.

Objects of Research
The object of the study is to study and create methods of correct regulation of water consumption and plant nutrition by irrigation, depending on the weather conditions. To this end, we have developed and implemented in the design of systems for automated control of low-intensity irrigation systems based on a self-oscillating micro-oxidizer successfully passed the resource test, tested on selected soils under the orchard, in the Guba-Khachmassa zone on the Shahdag foothills located above the sea level at 600 meters with a slope of the terrain of 0.02. (See Principal scheme of a pulse sprinkler system of self-oscillating action with automated control (Figure 2) So, for the operational control of weather conditions in the region, which are necessary for solving the planning and oper-ational management of irrigation of crop fields, metering sensors with transducers for telemetric counting of the main parameters are installed at the local hydrometeorological point:  The report parameter values in the telemetry code carried intelligent controller object (KO) on the local wired communication channels and after their initial treatment, and the averaging is written into memory .For control and process control intake, clarifiers (treatment plant) and the pump station (pressurization device water in pipelines) are installed sensors-converters specified in the structural-functional scheme: The signal report in the telemetry code is carried out by the intelligent object field controller via radio communication channels and after their initial processing and averaging by the processor are written into the RAM

Entering operational data into the computer and creating a database (HBS)
Recorded in the memory of controller's objects (KO) data are counted programs but by radio and wire liaison channels of communication controller (CC) which is connected to a computer control station (AP) (see. The concept of low-intensity irrigation system with automatic control), for a given regulation and are written into its operative memory in the structure of the telemetry file (see Information support). Computer on exchange programs reads the data from the RAM of the COP, transcodes them and writes the online database, from which displays them in real time on the display on the graphic presentation, and after linearization and averaging data on their codes of programs but written in the storage base, which structure are provided in the information support, and this forms the Data Bank of the complex for a) With the help of Skype 3, users can talk over the phone and when using cameras to see each other, and with streaming video programs, look at the status of the site. When instrumental parameter measurements, it is necessary to take into account the scatter in the measured values. The value of the parameter, which can be taken as actual with a probability of 0.8, is determined by the number of repetitions of measurements, determined by the formula:

Measurement of initial (starting) soil moisture and calculation of initial moisture reserves W0 in soil a) General description of the Task:
The initial moisture reserves of W0 in the active soil layer are determined by the formula: Where: h (a) is the active layer of soil, m (it is assumed that the active layer of soil is divided into layers of 0.20-0.30 m), γ is the average soil density for the layer, t / m3 is the entry in the program code-gamma_sp βτ-soil moisture in the field area in% to the mass dry record in the code of the soil program at the considered moment -(Veta_tau). With the automatic determination of the initial moisture reserves in the soil, it is assumed that the value βτ (Вета_tau) is determined by the humidity meter installed in the balance area of the field according to n0.8 (TP) measurements (entry in program code n_0.8 Ex). The measured parameter values are automatically written to the DataPar.dbf data bank by the N_code of the element to which the parameter belongs (see the special section "Information Support") [1,2]. To specify the calculation conditions, the values of the required conditionally variable variables are recorded in the task assignment (see ZADANIE_3 in information support). Having determined the value of the initial (initial) soil moisture, software determines the deficit of moisture reserves and the necessary irrigation rates. The results of the solution of the problem are recorded in the output document DOC_3 and are output as a diagram. The element number is added to the name via the separator [_] -(NAME_1>) /. On the generated coupler is TLS_X.dbfN_code. From DataPar.dbf to N_code + Zdate and the name of the parameter <PARAM> marked in ZADANIE_3 (+) is programmed its ZNACH value for each field.

Description of the algorithm in accordance with
A) The found values of the parameters-the humidity for a given date BETA_tau or the moisture reserves for a given date W (tau) for each section of the field are recorded in the output document DOC.3, see the layout of the output documents "Moisture reserve in irrigation fields". After determining the moisture content of BETA_tau or the moisture reserve in the soil W (tau), a moisture deficit or a moisture reserve in the soil is determined [3,4].
Determination of the moisture deficit and moisture reserves in the soil in the field area. a) If the humidity of BETA_tau is determined from ZADANIE_3 and its value is found from DataPar.dbf, then the moisture deficit relative to the moisture of the least water consumption BETA_ (HB) is: [2][3][4][5][6][7][8]. After determining the data for each of the specified sections of the field is determined a) average moisture content of BETA_AV and stocks ( ) ( ) The calculated values in § § 5 e) After viewing the DOC.3 document, you will be prompted to <Will solve the task for other farm fields on this date>. <Yes>, <No>. When you enter <Yes>, the message <Enter the field and farm name in ZADANIE_3> is displayed and displayed on the ZADANIE screen for data entry.
If the value of the parameters specified in ZADANIE_3 is absent in the database, then the message <The value of the parameters specified in ZADANIE is absent in the database. Will you measure these parameters?. <Yes>, <No>. If <Yes>, then go to Section 4.4.1. If <No>, then the task solution is finished and exit to the MENU. Before the start of the measurement, the number of measurements in each section is determined that ensures the probability of obtaining a value of at least 0.8 with the minimum labour costs for measuring n_0.8Ex: Where: SIG_B-defined standard error in%; BETA (HB) -from ZA-DANIE_3; -W (HB) -Pass moisture in soil, in mm with BETA (HB) moisture content of SF_Plot.dbf; -h-depth of soil layer (mm) in which the measurement is to be carried out. Execute n_0.8Ex measurements according to the specified parameter ZADANIE_3, line 2 in each section and write data in DataPar.dbf by N_code, Zdate, and Ztime. Calculate the average value from the completed measurements (make a selection from DataPar.dbf by N_code + Zdate. The average moisture reserve in the W_AV soil is: Where, W_0.8Ex is the moisture reserve value for each measurement selected in § 5.4.6 (If the soil moisture content BETA_0.8Ex was measured, then the average moisture value BETA_AV: