OpinionAbstract
This article talks about the rules and requirements of raising a child, which were developed by Al-Ghazali.
Keywords: Family; Parents; Child; Upbringing; Decency; Kind Character
Opinion
Muhammad al-Ghazali (1059-1111) in his ethical system, also
expressed an opinion about the upbringing of children. He calls the
child “enlightened, consanguineous, a continuation of life and the
most precious gift of life”. He says to the parent: “Know that the
child is amanat (i.e. not property, but a temporary given from God)
in the hands of the parents. The heart of a child is as pure as the
earth, and every seed that you sow in it sprouts. The heart of a child
is as delicate as pearls and as white as paper, and what you draw in
it remains firmly in it.
Indeed, the birth of a child is the best gift of life for parents,
happiness in the family, the fruit of love between husband and wife,
which strengthens the union of spouses. Al-Ghazali mentions that
the parents are the mentors of the child. The goal of upbringing is
to get rid of a bad character trait. Therefore, parents should feel the
bad quality of their child. In raising a child, parents are like a source
of water, if the water is clean, then downstream it will be clean;
raising children depends more on the mother than on the father.
He advises parents to start raising their children from an early age
since a child up to a certain age is easier to learn some of the pillars
of morals. The child must first be taught to respect adults, develop
a sense of hard work, and also need to warn about good and evil.
Parents should treat their children politely, teach them to be kind
and protect them from evil, because evil arises from the proximity
of evil [1-6].
Parents should develop a spirit of mutual respect in the child,
and the child should be taught the following rules of behavior: do not
clean your mouth and nose in front of others, do not turn your back
to people, and behave politely with people, do not put your hands
under your jaw, which is a sign of laziness, does not pronounce
oath, not to say too much, you need to speak only when asked, keep
your tongue from abuse and curse, respect each younger, not be
proud and brag to the children. In raising a child, it is appropriate
to take the middle position. An overly serious attitude can lead to
despondency, alienation, or, conversely, too much affection arises in
the child of excessive laziness and selfishness. The child should not
be severely punished, as he develops feelings of fear and hatred. For
this reason, Al-Ghazali recommends praising a child for his good
behavior in order to increase his (or her) interest in godliness. He
says that if a child does a good deed and a good disposition has
arisen in him, he must be given something as a gift to make him
happy, and for this, he must be praised in front of others. Al-Ghazali
recommends that parents teach boys and girls a certain profession
before marriage and not force them to choose a spouse. Should not
choose a bride or groom from an immoral family, the consequences
of which will be devastating.
Of course, raising a child is not an easy task. However, the
scientist emphasizes that raising children should not be the reason
for not generosity and indifference of parents to others. The
purpose of starting a family is to bring up a healthy generation.
The upbringing of society begins in the family. Raising a child is a
serious responsibility that every parent must be aware of and fulfill.
Parents should be the support and guardians of their children and
should do everything possible for their peace of mind, happiness
and full development. Parents, raising their children, pay back their
duty to their parents. Indeed, the precious heritage of parents for a
child is a good upbringing. The ethical conclusions of Muhammad
Al-Ghazali on the sphere of raising children are attractive, in which
the ways and methods of upbringing are shown in detail. The
scientist’s ethical teachings can be used as a guide by educators,
psychologists and the general public.
References
- Koran Trans Arabic Krachkovskiy I U.
- Abuhamid Ghazali (2011) Nasihat-ul-muluk. -Dushanbe: Irfon.
- Abuhamid Ghazali (2006) Research innermost secrets of the heart. /Trans. Arabic A. Miniyanova.-Moscow:Ansar.
- Abuhamid Ghazali (2005) Alchemy of Happiness. /Kimei Saodat / - Tashkent: Adolat.
- Abuhamid Ghazali (2002) Mukoshafat-ul-Kulub. / Trans. Arabic Miraziz Azam. - Tashkent: Adolat.
- Abuhamid Ghazali (2005) O son. / Trans. Yuldosh Eshbek.-Tashkent: Movarouhhahr.
