Absence of Pathogen/Host Specificity Regarding the Interaction of Bordetella Lipopolysaccharides with The Tall-Like Receptor 4 Complex Receptor

Wei Zhang-Sun¹ and Wahib Mahana*^1,2

Received: November 29, 2018;   Published: December 06, 2018

DOI: 10.26717/BJSTR.2018.11.002157

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Abstract

Bacterial Lipopolysaccharide [LPS] is Pathogen Associated Molecular Patterns [PAMP] recognized by the Toll Like Receptor 4 complex [TLR4-MD2]. Bordetella genus of Gram- negative bacteria contains nine different species. Of them, Bordetella Pertussis [B.P] infects human and causes the whooping cough, whereas B. Bronchiseptica [B.B], infects different mammals giving respiratory disorders and finally B. Avium [B.A] infects respiratory tract of birds. The aim of this work is to study the specificity and the consequences of LPS interaction with its complex receptors among the different species of Bordetellas and their specific hosts’ cells. Using a specific anti LPS antibody and three cell lines; Human THP1cells, mice Raw cells and chicken HD11 cells, we investigated the binding of the LPS from these Bordetellas to the TLR4 complex whereas LPS from E. coli [E.C] was used as a control. Cells activation was also monitored by measuring the production of three molecules; IL-6, TNF and nitric oxide “NO” in the supernatants of LPS activated cells. Our antibody recognized the three LPS in the ELISA assay. On the cell surface, only the B.P LPS was recognized at the three cell lines followed by B.B then B.A and E.C. Inversely, Cells activation showed that LPS from B.P was the weaker inducer of the three cytokines, whereas B.A that binds weakly to the receptor complex was the best activator of IL-6 production by these cells. Our results indicate the absence of pathogen/host specificity regarding the interaction of LPS with complex receptor.

Abbreviations : BA: Bordetella Avium; BB: Bordetella Bronchiseptica; BP: Bordetella Pertussis; ELISA: Enzyme linked immunosorbent; GAR AP: Goat Anti-Rabbit Immunoglobulin labeled with Alkaline Phosphatase; LPS: Lipopolysaccharides; MD 2: Myeloid differentiation protein 2; PAMP: Pathogen Associated Molecular Patterns; TLR4: Toll-Like Receptor 4; pNPP: p-Nitrophenyl Phosphate.